Active Chemicals in Cannabis Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Growth

According to researchers, active chemicals in cannabis inhibits prostate cancer cell growth.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK, affecting more than 35,000 men in the UK each year. An estimated 192,280 new cases of prostate cancer will occur in the US during 2009. A quarter of all new cases of cancer diagnosed in men are prostate cancers.

The researchers tested the effects of the active chemicals in cannabis called cannabinoids on three human prostate cancer cell lines - called PC-3, DU-a45 and LNCaP.

The prostate cancer cells carry molecular ‘garages’, called receptors, in which cannabinoids can 'park'.

The scientists showed for the first time that if cannabinoids ‘park’ on a receptor called CB2, the cancer cells stop multiplying.

But Dr Lesley Walker, Cancer Research UK's director of cancer information warned patients against smoking the drug. She said: "It absolutely isn’t the case that men might be able to fight prostate cancer by smoking cannabis."

Dr Walker added: "This research suggest that prostate cancer cells might stop growing if they are treated with chemicals found in cannabis but more work needs to be done to explore the potential of the cannabinoids in treatment."

To confirm the findings the scientists switched off the CB2 receptors on the prostate cells. When cannabinoids were then added to cells without the CB2 receptor, the prostate cancer cells carried on dividing and growing. This suggests that cannabinoids connect with the CB2 receptors on prostate cancer cells to stop cell division and spread.

Professor Ines Diaz-Laviada, study author said: "Our research shows that there are areas on prostate cancer cells which can recognize and talk to chemicals found in cannabis called cannabinoids. These chemicals can stop the division and growth of prostate cancer cells and could become a target for new research into potential drugs to treat prostate cancer."

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References:
1. N Olea-Herrero, D Vara, S Malagarie-Cazenave, I Díaz-Laviada. Inhibition of human tumour prostate PC-3 cell growth by cannabinoids R(+)-Methanandamide and JWH-015: Involvement of CB2. British Journal of Cancer, doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6605248.
2. Cancer Research UK.
3. American cancer Society.