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| The Health Benefits of Grapes |
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Grapes have been around since prehistoric times, and they have been cultivated since 5000BCE. The ancient Greeks and Romans valued the grape for making wine, and the grape features often in Greek mythology. The ancient Egyptians considered wine a gift from Osiris, the god of resurrection, and its use was limited to the aristocracy. Perhaps the most famous literary mention is in The Fox and the Grapes, the fable by Aesop. After repeatedly attempting to grasp a bunch of ripe grapes hanging from a vine, the fox walked away with his nose in the air saying: “I am sure they are sour.” The moral of the story is: It is easy to despise what you cannot get. The Spaniards introduced grapes into America 300 years ago, and they soon thrived in the Californian climate. Italy, France, Spain, the United States, Mexico, and Chile are among the largest commercial producers of grapes. Health Benefits of Grapes
References: 1. The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods by Michael Murray, Joseph Pizzorno, and Lara Pizzorno. 2. Benders' Dictionary of Nutrition and Food Technology. 3. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. 4. Romero-Pérez AI, Ibern-Gómez M, Lamuela-Raventós RM, de La Torre-Boronat MC. Piceid, the major resveratrol derivative in grape juices. J Agric Food Chem. 1999 Apr;47(4):1533-6. PMID: 10564012. 5. Lin JK, Tsai SH. Chemoprevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease by resveratrol. Proc Natl Sci Counc Repub China B. 1999 Jul;23(3):99-106. PMID: 10492890. 8. Freedman JE, Parker C 3rd, Li L, Perlman JA, Frei B, Ivanov V, Deak LR, Iafrati MD, Folts JD. Select flavonoids and whole juice from purple grapes inhibit platelet function and enhance nitric oxide release. Circulation. 2001 Jun 12;103(23):2792-8. PMID: 11401934. 9. Castilla P, Dávalos A, Teruel JL, Cerrato F, Fernández-Lucas M, Merino JL, Sánchez-Martín CC, Ortuño J, Lasunción MA. Comparative effects of dietary supplementation with red grape juice and vitamin E on production of superoxide by circulating neutrophil NADPH oxidase in hemodialysis patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Apr;87(4):1053-61. PMID: 18400731. 10. Folts JD. Potential health benefits from the flavonoids in grape products on vascular disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;505:95-111. PMID: 12083471. 11. Dai Q, Borenstein AR, Wu Y, Jackson JC, Larson EB. Fruit and vegetable juices and Alzheimer's disease: the Kame Project. Am J Med. 2006 Sep;119(9):751-9. PMID: 16945610. 12. Mullen W, Marks SC, Crozier A. Evaluation of phenolic compounds in commercial fruit juices and fruit drinks. J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Apr 18;55(8):3148-57. PMID: 17362029. 13. Sano A, Uchida R, Saito M, Shioya N, Komori Y, Tho Y, Hashizume N. Beneficial effects of grape seed extract on malondialdehyde-modified LDL. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2007 Apr;53(2):174-82. PMID: 17616006. |
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